Rootcheck¶

Checks that rootcheck performs¶

1. Read the rootkit_files.txt which contains a database of rootkits and files commonly used by them. It will try to stats, fopen and opendir each specified file. We use all these system calls because some kernel-level rootkits hide files from some system calls. The more system calls we try, the better the detection. This method is more like an anti-virus rule that needs to be updated constantly. The chances of false-positives are small, but false negatives can be produced by modifying the rootkits.
2. Read the rootkit_trojans.txt which contains a database of signatures of files trojaned by rootkits. This technique of modifying binaries with trojaned versions was commonly used by most of the popular rootkits available. This detection method will not find any kernel level rootkit or any unknown rootkit.
3. Scan the /dev directory looking for anomalies. The /dev should only have device files and the Makedev script. A lot of rootkits use the /dev to hide files. This technique can detect even non-public rootkits.
4. Scan the whole filesystem looking for unusual files and permission problems. Files owned by root, with write permission to others are very dangerous, and the rootkit detection will look for them. Suid files, hidden directories and files will also be inspected.
5. Look for the presence of hidden processes. We use getsid() and kill() to check if any pid is being used or not. If the pid is being used, but “ps” can’t see it, it is the indication of kernel-level rootkit or a trojaned version of “ps”. We also verify that the output of kill and getsid are the same.
6. Look for the presence of hidden ports. We use bind() to check every tcp and udp port on the system. If we can’t bind to the port (it’s being used), but netstat does not show it, we probably have a rootkit installed
7. Scan all interfaces on the system and look for the ones with “promisc” mode enabled. If the interface is in promiscuous mode, the output of “ifconfig” should show that. If not, we probably have a rootkit installed.

Configuration options¶

These configuration options can be specified in each agent’s ossec.conf, except auto_ignore and alert_new_file which are manager side options. If the ignore option is specified on the manager the setting becomes global for all agents.

• base_directory

  The base directory that will be appended to the following options:

  • rootkit_files
  • rootkit_trojans
  • windows_malware
  • windows_audit
  • windows_apps
  • systems_audit

  Allowed: Path to a directory Default: /var/ossec

• rootkit_files

  This option can be used to change the location of the rootkit files database.

  Allowed: A file with the rootkit files signatures

  Default: /etc/shared/rootkit_files.txt

• rootkit_trojans

  This option can be used to change the location of the rootkit trojans database.

  Default: /etc/shared/rootkit_trojans.txt

  Allowed: A file with the trojans signatures

• windows_audit

• system_audit

• windows_apps

• windows_malware

• scanall

  Tells rootcheck to scan the whole system (may lead to some false positives).

  Default: no

  Allowed: yes/no

• frequency

  Frequency that the rootcheck is going to be executed (in seconds).

  Defaults: 36000 (10 hours)

  Allowed: Time (in seconds)

• disabled

  Disables the execution of rootcheck.

  Default: no

  Allowed: yes/no

• check_dev

  Enable or disable the checking for files in the `/dev` filesystem

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_files

  Enable or disable the checking based on the rootkit files

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_if

  Enable or disable the checking the network interfaces

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_pids

  Enable or disable the checking of process IDs

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_ports

  Enable or disable the checking of network ports.

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_sys

  Enable or disable the checking the filesystem looking for possible issues

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_trojans

  Enable or disable the checking of trojans.

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_unixaudit

  Enable or disable the checking of unix issues

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_winapps

  Enable or disable the checking of Windows apps

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• check_winaudit

  Enable or disable the checking of Windows issues

  Default: 1

  Allowed: 1 or 0

• check_winmalware

  Enable or disable the checking of Windows malware.

  Default: yes

  Allowed: yes or no

• skip_nfs

  New in version 2.9.0.

  Specifies if rootcheck should scan network mounted filesystems. Works on Linux and FreeBSD. Currently skip_nfs will abort checks running against CIFS or NFS mounts.

  Default: no

  Allowed: yes/no

  Note

  This option was added in OSSEC 2.9.0.